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Do Sports Matter 1200 565 themetestcroca

Do Sports Matter

In some societies, sport competitions stand in for military competitions. Unfortunately, not ours. In some societies, sport competitions and betting on the outcomes was pacification of the masses by the…

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Mandatory to integrate sports into educational curriculum, says Mizoram minister 1200 565 themetestcroca

Mandatory to integrate sports into educational curriculum, says Mizoram minister

Mizoram minister of state for sports and youth services Robert Romawia Royte on Tuesday said it is mandatory for all educational institutes to integrate sports into their entire educational curriculum…

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Indian sports news wrap, October 18 1200 565 themetestcroca

Indian sports news wrap, October 18

Teen shuttler Unnati Hooda shone brightly as India eked out a 3-2 win over Australia in their third Group B match of the mixed team event of BWF World Junior Championships on…

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Indian sports news wrap, October 17 1200 565 themetestcroca

Indian sports news wrap, October 17

Dhampur Sugar beat Formidables 121-98 MPs to clinch the title in the Team of Four Gold competition of the 19th HCL International Bridge Championship on Sunday. The champion team consisting…

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Aramco cricket deal again proves sport will ignore reality for revenue 1200 565 themetestcroca

Aramco cricket deal again proves sport will ignore reality for revenue

 Aramco, the oil giant predominantly owned by the Saudi royal family, underwent a subtle rebrand. And subtle is the operative word here: the company’s distinctive logo, a white star on…

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Mystery of Galaxy’s Missing Dark Matter Deepens themetestcroca

Mystery of Galaxy’s Missing Dark Matter Deepens

This Hubble Space Telescope snapshot reveals an unusual “see-through” galaxy. The giant cosmic cotton ball is so diffuse and its ancient stars so spread out that distant galaxies in the…

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8 extraordinary space moments that made headlines in 2021 themetestcroca

8 extraordinary space moments that made headlines in 2021

There’s nothing like a pandemic to give people time to contemplate the universe’s greatest mysteries. Over the course of the year, uber-rich tourists, including a Star Trek legend, ventured into…

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New Instrument Brings Next-generation Molecular Analysis of Mars into Sharp Focus themetestcroca

New Instrument Brings Next-generation Molecular Analysis of Mars into Sharp Focus

To address the growing need for in situ molecular analysis of Mars samples at fine spatial scales, NASA is developing the miniature LITMS instrument, which combines a laser and gas…

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In the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020, the National Academy of Sciences recommended to NASA a series of competed probe-class missions, including one with far-infrared (FIR) imaging or spectroscopy capabilities. The Academy also recommended that technology development for a future flagship-class FIR mission commence. Both types of missions would require cryogenic telescopes with unprecedented sensitivities and mapping speeds to enable FIR science. Telescopes with these capabilities would allow the astronomical community to address a wide range of scientific objectives such as measuring the masses of protoplanetary disks; tracking the role of water, ice, and volatiles in planet formation; and investigating the interplay between the interstellar medium and star formation across the Milky Way. A cryogenic FIR observatory would also allow scientists to diagnose the state of gas and its radiation environment in nearby galaxies, including outer galaxy disks and extra-planar material associated with feedback and gas accretion. In addition, observations made with these advanced telescopes would allow scientists to study the evolution of galaxies and the matter they are made of throughout the history of the universe—from the formation of the first dust clouds, to star-forming galaxies at the cosmic noon (a time when significantly more stars per time unit were formed than today). Such studies could also include detailed investigations of the matter that our own galaxy, the Milky Way, is made of. Observing light at the wavelengths invisible to our eyes, these observatories will be able to see through the layers of matter that block the light in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Even regions where foreground matter completely blocks the view (like the bricks of a house that will not let see you what is inside) will be visible in the far-infrared. These new telescopes will be able to observe massive black holes that are embedded in the dense central regions of many galaxies. Such observations will allow astronomers to determine how the creation of black holes proceeded throughout the history of the universe. To make these types of observations, NASA’s future telescopes need robust, high-sensitivity, kilopixel-format arrays that operate over the entire far-IR spectrum. Previously, some of the key technologies needed for these arrays were demonstrated on the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera (HAWC+) on the Stratospheric Observatory for Far-Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). Those detectors provided excellent performance for suborbital far-IR applications, but their production was very labor intensive with relatively low fabrication yields. The remaining major technologies required to enable future FIR space-based telescopes are: (a) robust detector array architectures with approximately 100,000 individual pixels and (b) integrated readout multiplexers that can meet the ultra-low noise requirements of space missions. The NASA Astrophysics Division’s Strategic Astrophysics Technology (SAT) Program is sponsoring a team from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, Maryland, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder, Colorado to address this need. Led by Dr. Johannes Staguhn at the Johns Hopkins University/GSFC, the team is maturing and streamlining the processing required to produce arrays with large numbers of pixels (10,000) that can be tiled to deliver the desired 100,000 pixel count. The project will advance the technology to Technical Readiness Level 5 (defined as component and/or breadboard validation in a relevant environment), an important step towards maturation of technologies for eventual space flight. Enabling a Kilopixel Detector Array The team has successfully produced all the individual components required for the new detectors. First, the team developed detector wafers that could be bonded together to produce a detector with the required 100,000 pixels. The figure below shows a picture of the detector wafer (left image), which consists of 1024 individual pixels. The image on the right shows a zoomed-in view of part of an individual pixel. Each pixel contains one superconducting detector, which is a Transition Edge Sensor (TES) made from aluminum manganese (AlMn). Part of the absorber mesh, which is tuned to the electromagnetic radiation coming from the telescope, can also be seen in the righthand image. themetestcroca

In the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020, the National Academy of Sciences recommended to NASA a series of competed probe-class missions, including one with far-infrared (FIR) imaging or spectroscopy capabilities. The Academy also recommended that technology development for a future flagship-class FIR mission commence. Both types of missions would require cryogenic telescopes with unprecedented sensitivities and mapping speeds to enable FIR science. Telescopes with these capabilities would allow the astronomical community to address a wide range of scientific objectives such as measuring the masses of protoplanetary disks; tracking the role of water, ice, and volatiles in planet formation; and investigating the interplay between the interstellar medium and star formation across the Milky Way. A cryogenic FIR observatory would also allow scientists to diagnose the state of gas and its radiation environment in nearby galaxies, including outer galaxy disks and extra-planar material associated with feedback and gas accretion. In addition, observations made with these advanced telescopes would allow scientists to study the evolution of galaxies and the matter they are made of throughout the history of the universe—from the formation of the first dust clouds, to star-forming galaxies at the cosmic noon (a time when significantly more stars per time unit were formed than today). Such studies could also include detailed investigations of the matter that our own galaxy, the Milky Way, is made of. Observing light at the wavelengths invisible to our eyes, these observatories will be able to see through the layers of matter that block the light in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum. Even regions where foreground matter completely blocks the view (like the bricks of a house that will not let see you what is inside) will be visible in the far-infrared. These new telescopes will be able to observe massive black holes that are embedded in the dense central regions of many galaxies. Such observations will allow astronomers to determine how the creation of black holes proceeded throughout the history of the universe. To make these types of observations, NASA’s future telescopes need robust, high-sensitivity, kilopixel-format arrays that operate over the entire far-IR spectrum. Previously, some of the key technologies needed for these arrays were demonstrated on the High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera (HAWC+) on the Stratospheric Observatory for Far-Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). Those detectors provided excellent performance for suborbital far-IR applications, but their production was very labor intensive with relatively low fabrication yields. The remaining major technologies required to enable future FIR space-based telescopes are: (a) robust detector array architectures with approximately 100,000 individual pixels and (b) integrated readout multiplexers that can meet the ultra-low noise requirements of space missions. The NASA Astrophysics Division’s Strategic Astrophysics Technology (SAT) Program is sponsoring a team from NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) in Greenbelt, Maryland, and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Boulder, Colorado to address this need. Led by Dr. Johannes Staguhn at the Johns Hopkins University/GSFC, the team is maturing and streamlining the processing required to produce arrays with large numbers of pixels (10,000) that can be tiled to deliver the desired 100,000 pixel count. The project will advance the technology to Technical Readiness Level 5 (defined as component and/or breadboard validation in a relevant environment), an important step towards maturation of technologies for eventual space flight. Enabling a Kilopixel Detector Array The team has successfully produced all the individual components required for the new detectors. First, the team developed detector wafers that could be bonded together to produce a detector with the required 100,000 pixels. The figure below shows a picture of the detector wafer (left image), which consists of 1024 individual pixels. The image on the right shows a zoomed-in view of part of an individual pixel. Each pixel contains one superconducting detector, which is a Transition Edge Sensor (TES) made from aluminum manganese (AlMn). Part of the absorber mesh, which is tuned to the electromagnetic radiation coming from the telescope, can also be seen in the righthand image.

Tina Hesman Saey’s estimation, “closer to 300 years.” From February to April 2020, the Science News senior molecular biology writer had produced a flurry of stories on the new coronavirus that wove…

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New Superconducting Sensor Arrays Will Enable Future Far-Infrared Space Missions themetestcroca

New Superconducting Sensor Arrays Will Enable Future Far-Infrared Space Missions

In the Decadal Survey on Astronomy and Astrophysics 2020, the National Academy of Sciences recommended to NASA a series of competed probe-class missions, including one with far-infrared (FIR) imaging or spectroscopy…

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